Jagorar Daidaiton Na’urar Damfara da Na’urar Sanyaya: R404A, R134a, R410A, R32, R600a, da R290

Zaɓar compressor na maye gurbi bisa horsepower ko displacement kaɗai na iya haifar da ƙarancin aiki, matsalolin dawowar mai, matsanancin zafin fitarwa, ko manyan haɗurran tsaro. Dacewar refrigerant tambaya ce da ta shafi tsarin gaba ɗaya: compressor ɗin dole ne ya dace da refrigerant, yanayin evaporation da condensing, man shafawa, samar da wutar lantarki, da aikace-aikacen da ake amfani da shi.

Wannan yana da muhimmanci yayin zaɓar R404A compressor, R134a compressor, R410A compressor, R32 compressor, R600a compressor, ko R290 compressor. Refrigerants da suke kama da juna a kundin bayanai na iya buƙatar tsarin compressor daban, ƙirar mota daban, ƙimar matsa lamba daban, adadin man shafawa daban, da hanyoyin sarrafawa daban.

Ga masu rarrabawa, kamfanonin gyara, masu girkawa, da masu sayen kayan maye gurbi, hanya mafi aminci ita ce gano ainihin compressor da yanayin aiki kafin a kwatanta wasu samfura.

Dalilin da Ya Sa Dacewar Compressor da Refrigerant Take da Muhimmanci

An ƙera compressor na tsarin sanyaya ne domin yin aiki a cikin wani iyakar aiki da aka ayyana. Wannan iyakar ta ƙunshi matsin tsotsa, matsin fitarwa, yawan kwararar gas, nauyin mota, zafin fitarwa, da zagayawar mai. Refrigerant yana shafar kowane ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan abubuwa.

Kompresoshi biyu masu ƙarfin aiki na ƙima iri ɗaya ba lallai ne su kasance masu musanyawa ba, domin ana iya ƙera su ne don na’urorin sanyaya daban-daban ko kewayon yanayin zafi daban-daban. Misali, kompresor da aka zaɓa don injin daskarewa mai ƙarancin zafi na iya kasa samar da aikin da ake buƙata a ɗakin ajiyar sanyi mai matsakaicin zafi. Haka kuma, kompresor na kwandishan na iya samun kewayon matsa lamba wanda bai dace da firiji ko injin daskarewa na kasuwanci ba.

Rashin dacewa mai kyau na iya haifar da:

• Rashin isasshen ƙarfin sanyaya
• Yawan current na mota ko katsewar overload
• Yawan zafin fitarwa
• Rashin isasshen dawowar mai
• Lalacewar da ruwa mai sanyaya ya haifar ta liquid slugging ko floodback
• Matsalolin seal, winding, ko insulation
• Hayaniya da rawar jiki bayan girkawa
• Aiki mara aminci tare da na’urorin sanyaya masu ƙonewa

Saboda haka, tantance nau’in refrigerant muhimmin mataki ne na farko, amma ba shi ne kawai ma’aunin zaɓe ba. Dole ne kuma a bincika samfurin kompresor, aikace-aikace, ƙayyadaddun mai, voltage, frequency, tsarin ɗora shi, da girman haɗe-haɗe.

Dacewar Refrigerant a Taƙaice

Na’urorin sanyaya shida da ke cikin wannan jagora suna hidimtawa nau’ikan kayan aiki daban-daban kuma suna buƙatar sharuddan zaɓe daban-daban.

Kompresoshin R404A

An yi amfani da R404A sosai a cikin sanyaya kasuwanci, gami da injinan daskarewa, akwatunan baje koli, da tsarin ɗakunan sanyi. Ana zaɓar compressors na R404A galibi don aikace-aikacen yanayin zafi mai ƙasa da matsakaici, amma madaidaicin iyakar aiki har yanzu ya danganta da takamaiman samfurin da ƙirar tsarin.

Saboda R404A yana aiki da matsin lamba da yanayin zafi waɗanda ba su yi daidai da na R134a ba, bai kamata a ɗauki compressor na R404A a matsayin madadin kai tsaye na samfurin R134a ba. Dole ne a tabbatar da nau'in mai, yanayin zafin ƙafewa, yanayin condenser, ƙarfin aiki, da lodin motar.

Lokacin maye gurbin tsohon compressor na R404A, tabbatar da ko an amince da sabon compressor don R404A ko kuma an ƙera shi don wani refrigerant dabam da aka nufa a matsayin wani ɓangare na sauya tsarin. Compressor da aka amince da shi don madadin refrigerant ba lallai ne ya dace kai tsaye da charge da controls na tsarin da ake da su ba.

Compressors na R134a

An yi amfani da R134a a cikin sanyaya, na'urorin sanyaya iska, sufuri, da sauran aikace-aikace. Bukatun compressor sun bambanta sosai tsakanin firij ɗin gida, akwatunan kasuwanci, chillers, da tsarin motocin haya.

Ana zaɓar compressor na R134a bisa ga yanayin zafin aikace-aikacen da zangon ƙarfin aiki, ba wai kawai sunan refrigerant ba. Ƙaramin hermetic compressor na firij na gida na iya samun ƙira da iyakar aiki da suka bambanta gaba ɗaya da na compressor na R134a na kasuwanci.

Dole ne kuma a tabbatar da ƙayyadaddun man shafawa. Kwamfresoshin firiji na iya amfani da man shafawa daban-daban gwargwadon dangin kwampreso da tsarin. Kada a ɗauka cewa za a iya amfani da man kwampreso na wani samfurin R134a a wani samfurin daban ba tare da duba bayanan fasaha na masana’anta ba.

Kwamfresoshin R410A

R410A yana da alaƙa da kayan sanyaya iska da na famfunan zafi musamman. Yana aiki da matsa lamba mafi girma sosai fiye da yawancin sinadaran firiji na gargajiya, don haka kwampreson R410A yana buƙatar abubuwan haɗin da aka ƙididdige su don wannan matsa lamba da na’urorin haɗin tsarin da suka dace.

Kwampreson R410A ba madaidaicin maye gurbin kwampreson R32 ba ne kawai saboda ana amfani da su duka a kayan sanyaya iska. Halayen matsa lambarsu, yawan kwararar taro, buƙatun man shafawa, halayen lantarki, da amincewar amfani da su na iya bambanta.

Don maye gurbin na’urorin sanyaya iska, a duba ƙarfin sanyaya ko dumama da aka ƙididdige wa kwampreson, mitar aiki, ƙirar inverter ko madaidaicin gudu, amincewar amfani da firijin, iyakokin zafin fitarwa, da dacewarsa da ainihin tsarin sarrafawa.

Kwamfresoshin R32

Ana amfani da R32 a aikace-aikacen sanyaya iska daban-daban kuma an rarraba shi a matsayin mai sauƙin kama da wuta. Dole ne a yi amfani da kwampreson da aka amince da shi don R32 tare da kayan aikin da aka ƙera don wannan firijin da buƙatun tsaronsa.

R32 compressors na iya buƙatar kulawa ta musamman ga ƙimar matsa lamba, kariyar mota, abubuwan lantarki, man shafawa, da ƙirar tsarin da ta shafi ƙonewa. Compressor ɗin kansa wani ɓangare ne kawai na tantance aminci. Shigarwa, adadin refrigerant, yanayin ɗaki, sarrafa ɗigogi, hanyoyin yin sabis, da kayan lantarki dole ne su bi ƙa’idojin da suka dace da kuma umarnin kayan aiki.

Bai kamata a zaɓi compressor na R32 a matsayin madadin gabaɗaya na kayan aikin R410A ba. Sauyawa tsakanin refrigerants yana buƙatar cikakken tantancewar injiniya, ba sauya compressor kaɗai ba.

R600a compressors

R600a, ko isobutane, ana danganta shi sosai da firij da injinan daskarewa na gida. Refrigerant ne na hydrocarbon kuma yana da saurin ƙonewa sosai, don haka dole ne a ƙera compressors da tsarin da ke amfani da R600a kuma a yi musu sabis tare da matakan kariya da suka dace.

Tsarin R600a gabaɗaya yana amfani da ƙaramin adadin refrigerant da ƙarancin kwararar nauyi idan aka kwatanta da tsarin kasuwanci da yawa. Wannan yana nufin cewa compressor na R600a ba ya musanyuwa da compressor na R134a, ko da girman kabad ko ƙimar lantarki sun yi kama.

Aikin sauyawa ya kamata ya tabbatar da ainihin refrigerant, displacement na compressor, zafin aikace-aikacen, kayan fara aiki, ƙayyadaddun man shafawa, da kariyar lantarki. Masu fasahar sabis su kuma yi amfani da hanyoyi da kayan aiki da suka dace da refrigerants masu saurin ƙonewa.

Kwamfresoshin R290

R290, ko propane, wani refrigerant ne na hydrocarbon da ake amfani da shi a wasu zaɓaɓɓun aikace-aikacen sanyaya na kasuwanci da masana’antu. Yana da sauƙin kama wuta sosai, kuma yana buƙatar kayan aiki, sassa, da hanyoyin sabis da aka tsara musamman domin wannan refrigerant.

Dole ne a amince da kwampreson R290 don aikace-aikacen da ƙirar tsarin da ake son amfani da shi. Matsi, zafin fitarwa, kariyar mota, man shafawa, kayan lantarki, da iyakokin adadin refrigerant duk suna da muhimmanci. Ana iya amfani da kayan aikin R290 a aikace-aikace daga sanyaya na kasuwanci zuwa wasu tsarin ƙananan zafin jiki, amma dole ne a duba kewayon aikin da aka ƙayyade wa kwampreson bisa ainihin nauyin aikin.

R290 da R600a dukansu hydrocarbons ne, amma hakan ba ya nufin cewa ana iya musanya kwampresoshinsu. Kaddarorinsu na thermodynamics da buƙatun aikace-aikacensu sun bambanta, kuma amincewar masana’antar kwampreso ita ce ke da muhimmiyar rawa.

Binciken Daidaituwa Biyar da Masu Saye Ya Kamata Su Yi

1. Tabbatar da zafin aikace-aikacen

Zafin aikace-aikace yana cikin muhimman abubuwan zaɓen kwampreso. Masu samar da kayayyaki na iya bayyana wasu samfura a matsayin waɗanda suka dace da ƙananan zafin jiki, matsakaicin zafin jiki, babban zafin jiki, injin daskarewa, firiji, ɗakin sanyi, ko amfani da na’urar sanyaya iska.

Ya kamata a daidaita waɗannan bayanan da ainihin zafin evaporating da kuma yanayin condensing da ake tsammani. Zafin muhalli, tsaftar condenser, kwararar iska, nauyin ɗakin, aikin defrost, da buƙatun pull-down duk na iya shafar nauyin aikin compressor.

Mai siye ya kamata ya bayar, idan akwai:

• Zafin evaporating ko suction
• Zafin condensing ko kewayon zafin muhalli da ake tsammani
• Ƙarfin sanyaya da ake buƙata
• Aikace-aikacen refrigeration, kamar freezer, ɗakin sanyi, cabinet, ko na’urar sanyaya iska
• Ko tsarin yana da fixed-speed ko inverter-driven

Nominal horsepower yana da amfani don kwatantawa na farko, amma ba zai iya maye gurbin bayanan capacity a ƙayyadaddun yanayin ma’auni ba.

2. Duba nau’in mai da dawowar mai

Refrigerant da mai dole su yi aiki tare. Dole ne man shafawa ya samar da ingantaccen kariya ga motor da bearing yayin da yake yawo cikin tsarin kuma yana dawowa zuwa compressor a yanayin zafin da ake tsammani.

Zaɓin mai na iya haɗawa da mineral oil, alkylbenzene, POE, ko wani takamaiman man shafawa, gwargwadon compressor da refrigerant. Ana ƙayyade man da ya dace bisa ƙirar compressor da umarnin manufacturer, ba bisa faɗin rukunin refrigerant shi kaɗai ba.

Matsalolin dacewa da mai na iya bayyana ta hanyar rashin dawowar mai, raguwar shafawa, kumfa, toshewar abubuwa, ko asarar ƙarfin aiki. A lokacin retrofit, masu fasaha ya kamata su tantance ko dole ne a dawo da man da ke akwai, a zubar da shi, a wanke tsarin, ko a maye gurbinsa. Haxa man shafawa ba tare da amincewar fasaha ba na iya haifar da matsalolin da za a iya kauce musu.

3. Tabbatar da kewayon matsa lamba

Ƙimar matsa lamba tana da matuƙar muhimmanci yayin kwatanta compressors na gargajiyar firiji da compressors na na’urar sanyaya iska. Tsarin R410A da R32, alal misali, suna buƙatar kayan aiki da aka tsara don matsalolin aikinsu. Ba za a ɗauki compressor da aka nufa don refrigerant mai ƙaramin matsa lamba a matsayin wanda ya dace ba kawai saboda ƙarfin lantarkinsa ko tsarin ɗaurarsa ya yi daidai.

Bincika matsalolin tsotsa da fitarwa da aka yarda da su ga compressor, matsakaicin matsa lambar aiki, alaƙar matsa lamba da zafin jiki, da matsa lambar da ake tsammani a yanayin ƙirar tsarin. Na’urar faɗaɗa ta tsarin, receiver, bututun haɗi, bawulolin sabis, na’urorin sarrafa matsa lamba, da na’urorin tsaro su ma dole ne su dace.

4. Gano ajin tsaron refrigerant

Rarrabewar tsaro tana shafar zaɓin compressor, girkawa, sabis, da amincewar abubuwan haɗin gwiwa. R600a da R290 refrigerants ne masu saurin kamawa da wuta sosai. R32 yana da ɗan saurin kamawa da wuta. Sauran refrigerants na iya gabatar da wasu la’akari dabam dangane da guba ko saurin kamawa da wuta.

Ga na’urorin sanyaya masu amfani da iskar firji masu ƙonewa, dole ne kwampreso da sauran abubuwan lantarki masu alaƙa su kasance waɗanda aka ƙera don wannan aikace-aikacen. Masu fasaha suna buƙatar kayan aikin dawo da iskar firji da suka dace, hanyoyin gano zubewa, isasshen samun iska, sarrafa tushen ƙonewa, da horo. Kwampreso na maye gurbin da ya dace ta fuskar inji na iya kasancewa bai dace ba daga mahangar tsaro da bin ƙa’idoji.

Rarrabawar tsaro tana kuma shafar tsarin gaba ɗaya. Canza zuwa wani nau’in iskar firji na iya sauya iyakokin caji, buƙatun abubuwan haɗin gwiwa, hanyoyin sabis, da ƙuntatawar girkawa.

5. Daidaita bayanan lantarki da na inji

Ko da nau’in iskar firji da ƙarfin aiki sun yi daidai, dole ne kwampreso ya dace da kayan aikin ta fuskar jiki da lantarki. Tabbatar da:

• Ƙarfin wutar lantarki da mitar ta
• Aiki na single-phase ko three-phase
• Sarrafa mai saurin aiki ɗaya ko mai saurin aiki mai canzawa
• Hanyar farawa da abubuwan farawa
• Kariyar mota da tsarin kariya daga ɗora kaya fiye da kima
• Girman wurin ɗaurewa da grommet ɗin roba
• Girman haɗin tsotsawa da fitarwa
• Matsayin kwampreso da damar samun wurin yin sabis
• Tsarin tashoshin haɗi da buƙatun wayoyi

Ya kamata a kwatanta samfurin maye gurbin ta amfani da cikakken bayanin ƙayyadaddun sa. Hotunan samfur da ma’aunai na iya taimakawa wajen gano samfurin, amma bai kamata a yi amfani da su a matsayin tushen amincewa shi kaɗai ba.

Shin Ana Iya Musanya Waɗannan Iskar Firji?

A mafi yawan lokuta, a’a. Bai kamata a ɗauki na’urorin sanyaya masu halayen matsa lamba daban, yanayin ƙarfin aiki daban, buƙatun mai daban, da rukunin aminci daban a matsayin madadin juna kai tsaye ba tare da tsara tsarin sauyawa ba.

R404A da R134a

R404A da R134a suna da halayen aiki daban kuma ana amfani da su a fannoni daban-daban na aikace-aikace. Compressor na R134a ba ya zama madadin compressor na R404A kai tsaye, haka kuma akasin haka. Dole ne a sake tantance ƙarfin aiki, zafin fitarwa, mai, na’urar faɗaɗawa, na’urorin sarrafawa, da matsa lambar aiki.

R410A da R32

Dukansu R410A da R32 ana amfani da su sosai a na’urorin sanyaya iska, amma amincewar compressors ɗinsu da buƙatun tsarin ba iri ɗaya ba ne. Ya kamata a yi la’akari da sauya compressor tsakanin waɗannan na’urorin sanyaya ne kawai idan compressor ɗin da cikakken ƙirar kayan aiki sun goyi bayan sauyin.

R600a da R290

Dukansu na’urorin sanyaya ne na hydrocarbon masu ƙonewa, amma suna da halayen thermodynamic da aikace-aikacen kayan aiki daban. Ba za a zaɓi compressor na R600a don R290 kawai saboda duka na’urorin sanyayan hydrocarbons ne ba.

Sauye-sauyen tsoffin samfura da retrofits

Za a iya ƙera madadin zamani don amfani da na’urar sanyaya daban da wadda asalin compressor ɗin ke amfani da ita. Irin wannan madadin na iya zama ingantacce idan yana cikin ingantaccen shirin retrofit ko sabon tsarin ƙira. Wannan sauyi na iya buƙatar canje-canje ga mai, na’urorin sarrafawa, na’urorin auna daidaito, abubuwan tsaro, adadin caji, lakabi, da hanyoyin aiki.

Ga masu rarrabawa da ƙungiyoyin gyara, muhimmin bambanci shi ne tsakanin maye gurbin samfurin a cikin iyalin na’urorin sanyaya da aka amince da su iri ɗaya, da kuma sauya na’urar sanyaya. Na farkon na iya zama binciken dacewa na yau da kullum; na biyun yana buƙatar bitar fasaha.

Wane Bayani Ya Kamata Masu Saye Su Bayar?

Bayani ko tambaya bayyananne yana taimaka wa mai samar da compressor ya gano zaɓuɓɓukan da suka dace a tsakanin nau’o’in kamfanoni da yawa. Aika bayanan farantin suna na asali a duk lokacin da zai yiwu, ciki har da:

• Alamar compressor da cikakken lambar samfurin
• Na’urar sanyaya da ake amfani da ita a yanzu
• Nau’in aikace-aikace da kewayon zafin jiki
• Ƙarfin sanyaya ko ƙimar kayan aiki ta asali
• Wuta, mitar lantarki, da phase
• Nau’in mai, idan an jera shi
• Displacement na compressor, idan akwai
• Bayanai game da ɗora na’ura da haɗe-haɗe
• Bayanai game da start relay, capacitor, ko inverter
• Adadin da ake buƙata da kasuwar da za a kai kayan gode su

Hotunan farantin suna, murfin tasha, ƙafafun ɗaura na’ura, da haɗin bututu na iya warware matsalolin gano na’ura idan lambobin samfurin ba su cika ba. Masu saye su kuma bayyana ko suna buƙatar madaidaicin canji, kwatancen samfurin da ya dace, ko shawarar sauya tsarin.

Ya kamata a bincika zaɓin ƙarshe bisa bayanan masana’antar compressor da tsarin kayan aiki. Kwatancen samfurin mafari ne na tantancewa, ba garanti ba ne cewa dukkan yanayin tsarin iri ɗaya ne.

Muhimman Darussa ga Masu Saye na Duniya

Ya fi dacewa a ɗauki dacewar refrigerant a matsayin matattara da ake amfani da ita kafin farashi da samuwa. Ga kowace tambaya game da compressor na R404A, R134a, R410A, R32, R600a, ko R290, a tabbatar da refrigerant, yanayin zafin aikace-aikacen, ƙarfin aiki, mai, kewayon matsa lamba, ajin tsaro, da ƙayyadaddun lantarki.

Ga masu rarrabawa, adana cikakkun bayanan samfurin da bayanan kwatancen samfurori yana rage aika kayan da ba su dace ba. Ga ƙwararrun masu gyara, ɗaukar hoton tsohon shigarwa da farantin suna yana taimakawa wajen guje wa zato. Ga masu girkawa da ’yan kwangilar injiniya, duba cikakken kewayon aiki yana da muhimmanci yayin ƙera sabon tsarin ko sauya refrigerants.

Mafi amintaccen canji shi ne samfurin da ya dace da ainihin nauyin aiki da buƙatun tsarin, ba kawai samfurin da ke da mafi kusancin ƙarfin horsepower ko kamannin jiki ba.