Me yasa na'urorin matsewar sanyaya suke lalacewa kuma yadda za a hana lalacewa tun daga asali

Na'urorin matsewar sanyaya ba sa lalacewa ba tare da gargadi ba. A mafi yawan lokuta, compressor shi ne bangare na ƙarshe da ke karyewa bayan tsarin ya riga ya dade yana aiki da wata matsala mafi zurfi kamar dawowar ruwa, zafi mai yawa, gurɓatawa, rashin isasshen man shafawa, ko rashin daidaiton yanayin lantarki.

Wannan bambanci yana da muhimmanci. Maye gurbin compressor da ya lalace ba tare da gyara tushen matsalar ba sau da yawa yana jawo sake lalacewa, takaddama kan garanti, asarar kaya, da tsadar lokacin tsayawar aiki. Ga masu rarrabawa, hakan na nufin karin komawar kira da tattaunawar fasaha masu wahala. Ga kamfanonin sabis da masu girkawa, yana nufin kuɗin aiki, kwastomomi marasa farin ciki, da lalacewar suna. Ga masu sayen maye gurbi, yana nufin sabon compressor ɗin na iya kasa rayuwa tsawon lokacin da zai bayar da ƙima.

Rigakafin lalacewar compressor yana farawa ne daga sama a tsarin. Manufar ba kawai kare compressor kansa ba ce, har ma da kiyaye gudun refrigerant, dawowar mai, sanyaya motar lantarki, da nauyin lantarki cikin iyakokin aiki masu aminci. Idan an sarrafa waɗannan abubuwan asali, rayuwar compressor tana inganta sosai.

Mafi yawan tushen dalilan lalacewar compressor na sanyaya

Compressor famfo ne na inji da motar lantarki ke tafiyar da shi. Ya dogara da madaidaicin yanayin refrigerant, madaidaicin zagayawar mai, sanyaya mai kyau, da tsayayyen wutar lantarki. Lalacewa yawanci tana farawa ne idan ɗaya ko fiye daga cikin waɗannan sharuɗɗa suka fita daga iyakokin ƙira.

Liquid slugging da liquid floodback

Liquid refrigerant na daga cikin barazanar da ta fi lalata compressor na sanyaya. An gina compressors ne domin matse tururi, ba ruwa ba. Idan ruwa ya shiga ɗakin matsewa, sakamakon na iya zama lalacewar inji nan take.

A mummunan liquid slugging, bugun na iya karya sassan ciki cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci. A scroll compressors, wannan na iya lalata scroll set da ɗakin matsewa. Tarkace ma na iya zagayawa a ciki ta haifar da wata lalacewar lantarki ta biyu idan an goge ko an raunana insulation.

Dawowar ruwa yakan faru ne saboda:

• Yawan ciyarwa daga expansion device
• Yawan refrigerant charge
• Rashin kyakkyawan sarrafa evaporator superheat
• Ƙananan nauyin evaporator sosai
• Yanayin defrost ko pull-down da ke mayar da ruwa zuwa compressor
• Kuskurarren ƙirar bututu da ke ba refrigerant damar yin migration ko taruwa

Floodback ba lallai ne koyaushe ya jawo mummunar karyewa nan take ba. Haka kuma yana iya rage kaurin mai, rage ingancin shafawa, kuma a hankali ya sa bearings da sassa masu motsi su yi lalacewa.

Rashin isasshen mai da gazawar lubrication

Compressor na iya jure wa ƙalubalen aiki da yawa na ɗan lokaci, amma ba zai daɗe ba tare da lubrication mai kyau ba. Mai yana kare bearings, sassan da ke motsi, da seals na ciki. Idan dawowar mai ba ta da kyau ko kuma mai ya yi laushi sosai, lubrication yana rushewa kuma zafin jiki yana tashi da sauri.

Dalilan da aka fi gani na lalacewar da ke da alaƙa da mai sun haɗa da:

• Mummunar ƙirar bututu da ke riƙe mai a cikin tsarin
• Dogayen layukan bututu ba tare da la'akari da dawowar mai yadda ya kamata ba
• Nau'in mai mara dacewa ko gaurayen mai
• Refrigerant migration da ke rage kaurin man crankcase
• Ƙarancin saurin refrigerant a yanayin part-load
• Maimaituwar floodback da ke wanke mai daga compressor

Binciken matsalolin semi-hermetic compressor sau da yawa yana farawa ne da yanayin mai da matakin mai domin duka suna ba da alamu game da lafiyar tsarin gaba ɗaya. Mai da ya ƙone, mai mai kumfa, ko yawan low oil trips yawanci suna nuna wata matsala ce a wajen compressor ɗin kansa.

Zafi mai yawa da matsalolin discharge temperature

Yawan zafin compressor wata babbar sanadin lalacewa ce. Matsanancin discharge temperature na iya ƙone mai ya zama carbon, lalata valves, raunana insulation na mota, da saurin sa lalacewa ta ƙaru.

Overheating yakan kasance da alaƙa da:

• Ƙarancin suction pressure
• Babban compression ratio
• Takurawar gudun refrigerant
• Condensers masu datti ko rashin kyakkyawan condenser airflow
• Gases marasa iya condense a cikin tsarin
• Refrigerant charge mara daidai
• Rashin sanyaya motar lantarki a yanayin ƙaramin load

High superheat na iya zama kamar ya fi aminci fiye da floodback, amma matsanancin superheat yana da nasa haɗarin. Compressor da ke aiki da zafi sosai na dogon lokaci yana rasa ingancin lubrication da rayuwar insulation, ko da kuwa babu ruwa da ya isa cylinders ko scrolls.

Matsi na lantarki da ƙonewar mota

Ba kowace lalacewar compressor ke farawa daga inji ba. Matsalolin lantarki na iya lalata motar kai tsaye ko su haɗu da zafin jiki mai yawa su haifar da burnout.

Abubuwan lantarki da aka fi gani sun haɗa da:

• Rasa phase ko phase imbalance a tsarin three-phase
• Ƙarancin ko yawan voltage
• Terminals marasa matsewa da poor connections
• Gazawar contactor
• Maimaituwar short cycling
• Saitunan overload marasa daidai
• Danshi da gurɓatar acid bayan wani burnout da ya gabata

Idan mota ta ƙone, aikin maye gurbi yana zama mafi wahala. Dole ne a tsabtace tsarin yadda ya kamata, a duba acid inda ya dace, kuma a saka filter driers masu dacewa. Idan gurɓatawa ta ci gaba da kasancewa a cikin da'ira, compressor na gaba na iya lalacewa saboda dalili ɗaya.

Gurɓatar tsarin da mummunar aikin girkawa

Yawancin lalacewar compressor suna farawa ne lokacin girkawa ko gyara. Danshi, datti, tarkacen brazing, da iska a cikin tsarin duk na iya rage amincin aiki.

Hadurran da suka shafi girkawa sun haɗa da:

• Evacuation mara isasshe
• Barin tsarin a buɗe na tsawon lokaci yayin sabis
• Mummunar hanyar brazing ba tare da nitrogen purge ba
• Sake amfani da sassan da suka gurɓata
• Girman layi mara daidai
• Piping traps ko risers marasa kyau
• Wrong control settings bayan maye gurbi

Gurɓatawa na iya toshe expansion devices, lalata bearings, haifar da samuwar acid, da jawo yanayin aiki marar kwanciyar hankali. Ko compressor mai inganci ma na iya lalacewa da wuri idan an girka shi a cikin tsarin datti ko mara kyau.

Me ya sa rigakafin lalacewar compressor dole ne ya mayar da hankali ga tsarin gaba ɗaya

Yawanci ana ɗaukar compressor da ya lalace a matsayin matsalar. A zahiri, yawanci shi ne sakamako. Shi ya sa rigakafin lalacewar compressor ya fi zama horon kula da tsarin gaba ɗaya maimakon batun bangare kaɗai.

Ga masu saya da masu rarrabawa, wannan yana da muhimmanci lokacin zaɓar replacement compressors. Daidaita model, refrigerant, voltage, da capacity ya zama dole, amma bai isa shi kaɗai ba. Haka kuma dole ne a fahimci tushen dalilin lalacewar da ta gabata.

Ga technicians da masu girkawa, tambayar aiki mai sauƙi ita ce: me ya canza kafin lalacewar? Alamu na gargadi da aka fi gani sun haɗa da:

• Maimaituwar overload trips
• Sanyi ko zufa a jikin compressor ko suction line kusa da compressor
• Wani irin bugawa ko sautin farawa mai tsauri da ba a saba ji ba
• Mai mai kumfa a sight glass
• High discharge temperature mai ɗorewa
• Low superheat ko superheat marar kwanciyar hankali
• Mai mai datti ko warin acid bayan burnout
• Yawan cycling saboda mummunan control settings

Kowace alama tana nuna wani yanayi da ya kamata a gyara kafin maye gurbin compressor ko sake kunna shi.

Yadda za a hana lalacewar compressor tun daga asali

Matakin rigakafi yana aiki mafi kyau idan ya fara tun daga ƙira, ya ci gaba ta hanyar girkawa, kuma a duba shi yayin sabis na yau da kullum. Matakan da ke ƙasa na daga cikin mafi tasiri.

Sarrafa superheat kuma a hana dawowar ruwa

Rigakafin liquid slugging yana farawa ne da sarrafa refrigerant. Evaporator ya kamata ya mayar da tururi mai kwanciyar hankali zuwa compressor, ba gaurayen tururi da ruwa ba.

Muhimman matakai sun haɗa da:

• Saita kuma a tabbatar da madaidaicin superheat a evaporator outlet da compressor inlet
• Duba aikin thermostatic ko electronic expansion valve
• Guji cika tsarin da refrigerant fiye da kima
• Bincika aikin evaporator fan da yanayin load
• Tabbatar da saitunan defrost termination da fan delay
• Yi amfani da suction accumulators inda ƙirar tsarin ta buƙata

A aikace-aikacen low-temperature da cold room, yanayin aiki na iya canzawa sosai yayin pull-down, buɗe ƙofofi, ko bayan defrost. Waɗannan lokutan suna bukatar kulawa ta musamman domin sau da yawa sukan haifar da dawowar ruwa na ɗan lokaci.

Kare lubrication da dawowar mai

Kula da mai ginshiƙi ne a cold room compressor maintenance da tsawon rayuwar sabis.

Kyakkyawan aiki ya haɗa da:

• Yi amfani da nau'in mai da ya dace da compressor da refrigerant
• Ƙirƙiri bututu domin kiyaye isasshen saurin refrigerant don dawowar mai
• Duba oil separators da na'urorin dawowar mai inda aka girka su
• Duba crankcase heaters a tsarin da ke fuskantar refrigerant migration
• Guji dogon aiki a low-load ba tare da la'akari da yanayin dawowar mai ba
• Sa ido kan matakin mai da yanayin mai a semi-hermetic systems masu sauƙin dubawa

Idan ana zargin matsalar dawowar mai, ƙara mai kawai ba kasafai yake zama cikakkiyar mafita ba. Dole ne a gano kuma a gyara yanayin tsarin da ke jawo asarar mai ko riƙewar mai.

Kiyaye yanayin zafi na aiki cikin iyakoki masu aminci

High compression ratio da high discharge temperature suna rage rayuwar compressor. Kulawar rigakafi ya kamata ya haɗa da duk abubuwan zubar da zafi da gudun refrigerant da ke tasiri ga zafin compressor.

Abubuwan duba sun haɗa da:

• Tsaftace condenser coils akai-akai
• Tabbatar da aikin condenser fan da airflow
• Tabbatar da head pressure control yana aiki yadda ya kamata
• Duba ko akwai takura a cikin liquid line components
• Tabbatar refrigerant charge bai yi ƙasa ko yawa ba
• Binciki non-condensables idan head pressure ya ci gaba da zama mara kyau

Sarrafa zafin jiki yana da muhimmanci musamman a wurare masu zafi, machine rooms marasa isasshen iska, da tsarin da ke da condensers masu datti ko kulawa sakakai.

Rage matsi na lantarki

Kariya ta lantarki ya kamata a ɗauke ta a matsayin kariyar compressor, ba a matsayin wani batu dabam ba. Compressor mai lafiyar inji har yanzu na iya lalacewa idan yanayin voltage da current ba su da kwanciyar hankali.

Matakan da ake ba da shawara:

• Auna supply voltage a ƙarƙashin load
• Duba phase balance a units na three-phase
• Matse terminals kuma a binciki contactors
• Tabbatar da overloads da protection settings
• Binciki dalilan rapid cycling
• Maye gurbin capacitors, relays, ko starters da suka lalace a single-phase systems inda ya dace

Ga masu rarrabawa da ke samar wa kasuwannin ƙasashen waje, ya kamata koyaushe a tabbatar da dacewar voltage da frequency kafin jigila. Rashin daidaiton bayanin lantarki na iya jawo matsalolin commissioning nan take da lalacewa da wuri.

Kiyaye tsaftar tsarin yayin girkawa da gyara

Yawancin lalacewar da za a iya gujewa suna farawa ne daga mummunar ɗabi'ar sabis. Aikin girkawa mai tsafta yana kare compressor tun kafin farawa.

Mafi kyawun hanyoyi sun haɗa da:

• Kiyaye bututu a rufe har sai lokacin haɗawa
• Barin nitrogen yana gudana yayin brazing don rage oxidation a ciki
• Sauya filter driers idan an buɗe tsarin
• Yin evacuation zuwa deep vacuum mai kyau ta hanya madaidaiciya
• Tabbatar tsarin yana riƙe vacuum kuma ya bushe kafin charging
• Cika refrigerant yadda ya kamata ta nauyi ko hanyar da aka sarrafa kamar yadda ake buƙata
• Yin commissioning tare da cikakkun binciken aiki, ba saurin startup kawai ba

Waɗannan matakai na yau da kullum ne, amma suna da tasiri kai tsaye kan yawan lalacewar refrigeration compressor.

Abin da masu saya daban-daban a masana'antu ya kamata su kula da shi

Ga masu rarraba spare parts

Sau da yawa ana tambayar masu rarrabawa su samar da maye gurbin compressor cikin gaggawa, musamman bayan burnout ko lalacewar inji. Matsi na kasuwanci abin fahimta ne, amma tantancewar fasaha na taimakawa rage maimaituwar ƙorafe-ƙorafe.

Abubuwan duba masu amfani kafin samarwa sun haɗa da:

• Tabbatar da refrigerant, application range, voltage, da frequency
• Tambayi yadda compressor da ya gabata ya lalace
• Duba ko an tsabtace tsarin bayan burnout
• Tabbatar ko an gano liquid return, overheating, ko matsalolin mai
• Ba da shawarar abubuwan kariya masu alaƙa inda ya dace

Wannan hanya tana taimaka wa kwastomomi su guji ɗaukar compressor a matsayin bangare mai zaman kansa kawai.

Ga kamfanonin sabis da gyara

Compressor da ya lalace lamari ne na sabis, amma gano tushen matsala shi ne abin da ke kare na gaba. Kafin maye gurbi, binciki yanayin aiki, controls, bututu, da gurɓatawa. Bayan maye gurbi, a tabbatar da superheat, current draw, discharge temperature, da halayen mai maimakon miƙa tsarin nan da nan bayan ya fara aiki.

Ga masu girka refrigeration da cold room contractors

Ingancin girkawa yana da tasiri na dogon lokaci kan rayuwar compressor. Daidaitaccen juyawar bututu, madaidaicin line sizing, insulation na suction line, amfani da crankcase heater, da tsayayyen control setup duk suna cikin rigakafin lalacewar compressor. Tsarin da ya fara aiki kuma ya yi sanyi ba lallai ne ya zama tsarin da ke kare compressor a kan lokaci ba.

Ga masu sayen maye gurbi da masu sayen ayyukan project

Mafi ƙanƙantar farashin compressor ba kasafai yake zama mafi ƙanƙantar kuɗin rayuwar amfani ba. Lokacin sayen replacements don ayyukan ƙasashen waje, dacewa, dacewar aikace-aikace, da goyon bayan binciken matsalar tsarin sun fi muhimmanci fiye da farashin na'urar kaɗai. Maye gurbin da ya dace da nameplate amma ya yi watsi da dalilin lalacewa na iya komawa wani sabon odar gaggawa cikin sauri.

Hanya mai amfani don guje wa maimaituwar lalacewar compressor

Idan refrigeration compressor ya lalace, amsa mafi tasiri ita ce a dan dakata a binciki tsarin kafin girka na gaba. A aikin yau da kullum a filin aiki, yawanci wannan na nufin tambayoyi huɗu na asali:

1. Shin liquid refrigerant ya dawo compressor?
2. Shin lubrication ya ɓace ko ya yi laushi?
3. Shin compressor ya yi aiki da zafi sosai ko ƙarƙashin pressure ratio mara kyau?
4. Shin wutar lantarki da tsarin kariya suna cikin koshin lafiya?

Waɗannan tambayoyin suna rufe yawancin yanayin maimaituwar lalacewa. Haka kuma suna taimaka wa ƙungiyoyi su bambanta tsakanin ainihin lahani na compressor da lalacewar da tsarin ya jawo.

Rigakafin lalacewar compressor ba abu ne mai rikitarwa a ka'ida ba, amma yana buƙatar tsari da bin ƙa'ida. Madaidaicin charge, tsayayyen superheat, ingantaccen kula da mai, tsaftataccen aikin girkawa, da kariyar lantarki abin dogaro su ne har yanzu ginshiƙi. Idan aka kula da waɗannan da kyau, rayuwar compressor tana ƙaruwa, kiran sabis suna raguwa, kuma sayen maye gurbi yana zama ƙasa da yawa.

Ga masu rarrabawa, technicians, da masu girkawa, ainihin ƙimar tana cikin hana lalacewa kafin ta isa compressor. A nan ne kuɗi ya fi ƙasa, gyara ya fi sauƙi, kuma tsarin ya fi yiwuwa ya ci gaba da kasancewa abin dogaro.