Jagorar Maye Gurbin Kwampreso na Firiji ga Masu Saye daga Ƙasashen Waje

Me yasa sauya compressor ke buƙatar tsararren bincike

Lalacewar compressor na refrigeration na iya dakatar da kabad na supermarket, ɗakin sanyi, injin kankara, display freezer, process chiller, ko tsarin air-conditioning nan take. Ga masu saye daga ƙasashen waje, ƙalubalen ba wai kawai samun compressor a cikin kaya ba ne. Babban haɗarin shi ne odar na’urar da take kama da ta baya amma ba ta dace da refrigerant, voltage, oil, capacity range, application temperature, ko mounting layout ba.

An rubuta wannan jagorar sauya refrigeration compressor ne don masu rarraba spare parts, kamfanonin sabis na refrigeration, da masu girka kayan aikin engineering waɗanda ke buƙatar tsarin aiki na zahiri kafin yin oda. Ta shafi ayyukan sauya compressor na commercial refrigeration da aka saba yi, ciki har da zaɓin replacement compressor don cold rooms, condensing units, display cabinets, da sauran tsarin medium- da low-temperature.

Sauyawa daidai na kare kayan aikin abokin ciniki, yana rage jinkirin girkawa, kuma yana kauce wa takaddamar warranty da ba dole ba. Sauyawa mara daidai na iya haifar da ƙarancin sanyaya, high discharge temperature, matsalolin oil return, nuisance trips, ko lalacewar compressor da wuri.

Mataki na 1: Tabbatar cewa compressor ɗin ya lalace da gaske

Kafin yin odar sabon compressor, ya kamata ƙungiyar sabis ta tabbatar cewa compressor ɗin ne ɓangaren da ya lalace, ba kawai alamar da ake gani ta wata matsalar tsarin ba. Ana maye gurbin compressors da yawa bayan lalacewa da ta faru sakamakon matsalolin lantarki, dawowar refrigerant a ruwa, toshewar condensers, rashin isasshen kwararar iska, ƙarancin charge, gurɓataccen mai, ko controls da ba daidai ba. Idan tushen matsalar ya ci gaba da kasancewa, compressor ɗin da aka maye gurbinsa na iya sake lalacewa.

Alamomin gama gari na lalacewar compressor

Alamomi na yau da kullum da za su iya nuna lalacewar compressor sun haɗa da:

• Compressor ba ya farawa duk da cewa akwai voltage
• Overload ko breaker na yawan yin trip
• Yanayin locked rotor ko starting current mai matuƙar yawa
• Hayaniyar inji ko vibration da ba al’ada ba
• Babu bambancin pressure tsakanin suction da discharge yayin da yake aiki
• Discharge temperature mai yawa fiye da kima
• Ƙamshin ƙonewa a terminals ko gurɓataccen mai
• Ƙarancin cooling capacity duk da cewa yanayin tsarin daidai yake

Ya kamata a duba waɗannan alamomi tare da pressure na tsarin, karatun lantarki, yanayin refrigerant charge, da aikin control. Compressor da ya tsaya saboda safety control ba lallai ne ya lalace ba. Misali, high-pressure trip na iya faruwa saboda condenser mai datti, condenser fan da ya lalace, non-condensable gas, ko overcharge.

Binciken lantarki kafin maye gurbi

Ga kwampresocin hermetic da semi-hermetic, ya kamata masu fasaha su auna juriyar winding, juriyar insulation zuwa ƙasa, ƙarfin wutar lantarki, daidaiton phase, yanayin contactor, da matsayin overload. Ga kwampresocin three-phase, rashin phase ko rashin daidaiton ƙarfin wuta na iya lalata motar. Ga kwampresocin single-phase, ya kamata a duba start capacitor, run capacitor, relay, PTC, ko potential relay kafin a yanke hukunci cewa kwampresan ya lalace.

Idan akwai shaida ta ƙonewar mota, bai kamata a ɗauki odar maye gurbin a matsayin sauyin kwampresa kawai ba. Tsarin na iya buƙatar maye gurbin filter drier, duban mai da acid, tsaftace layi inda ya dace, da yin evacuation a hankali kafin a kunna sabon kwampresan.

Mataki na 2: Karanta nameplate na kwampresan daidai

Nameplate na kwampresan shi ne muhimmin wurin farawa wajen compressor cross reference. Yawanci yana ɗauke da lambar samfur da muhimman bayanan lantarki ko na aikace-aikace. Ko da idan ba a samun asalin tambarin kwampresan, nameplate yana taimaka wa masu samarwa gano maye gurbin Copeland compressor da ya dace, maye gurbin Bitzer compressor, maye gurbin Danfoss compressor, ko samfurin da ya yi daidai daga wani tambari mai dacewa.

Bayanan da za a rubuta daga nameplate

Kafin tuntuɓar mai kaya, ɗauki hotuna masu kyau na farantin bayanan compressor, lakabin akwatin terminal, da cikakken jikin compressor. Haka kuma ka rubuta nau’in tsarin da yanayin aiki. Bayanai mafi amfani sun haɗa da:

• Alama da cikakken lambar samfur
• Nau’in compressor: hermetic, semi-hermetic, scroll, reciprocating, rotary, ko screw
• Refrigerant da aka nuna a kan tsarin ko takardun compressor
• Ƙimar ƙarfin lantarki, phase, da frequency
• Bayanan locked rotor da rated current idan akwai
• Iyakar aikace-aikace, idan an bayyana
• Nau’in mai ko bayanin adadin mai, idan akwai
• Lambar serial ko production code, idan yana da amfani wajen tantancewa
• Girman haɗe-haɗe da nau’in haɗi
• Ƙafafun ɗaurewa ko girman tushe
• Na’urorin haɗi da aka saka a compressor na asali

Ya kamata a kwafi lambobin samfur daidai yadda suke. Ƙaramin bambanci a suffix na iya nuna ƙarfin lantarki, dacewar refrigerant, nau’in mai, kariyar mota, salon haɗi, ko iyakar aikace-aikace. Aika lambar samfur da ba ta cika ba kaɗai na iya haifar da zaɓin da bai dace ba.

Lokacin da farantin bayanai ya ɓace ko ba a iya karantawa ba

Idan farantin suna ya lalace, har yanzu ana iya gano na’urar, amma dole ne mai saya ya bayar da ƙarin bayanan tsarin. Bayanai masu amfani sun haɗa da alama da samfurin kayan aiki, refrigerant, zafin ɗakin sanyi, yanayin evaporating da condensing idan an sani, hotunan compressor daga kusurwoyi da dama, wutar lantarki, girman layin suction da discharge, da girman wurin ɗaurewa. Hoton tsohon condensing unit ko panel ɗin lantarki ma na iya taimakawa.

Ga masu rarrabawa da ke kula da odar gaggawa, ya fi kyau a nemi cikakken ganowa tun da farko maimakon a aika da na’ura mai kusan dacewa wadda ba za a iya girkawa a wurin ba.

Mataki na 3: Daidaita buƙatun fasaha kafin yin oda

Maye gurbin compressor ba kawai aikin daidaita alama-da-alama ba ne. Compressor cross reference dole ne ya dace da iyakokin aiki da buƙatun girkawa. Ya kamata a zaɓi maye gurbin ne bisa ainihin aikin tsarin, ba kawai bisa lakabin horsepower mai kama ba.

Ƙarfin sanyaya da yanayin aiki

Ƙarfin sanyaya ya dogara da refrigerant, zafin evaporating, zafin condensing, superheat, subcooling, saurin compressor, da nau’in aikace-aikace. Compressor mai horsepower na suna iri ɗaya na iya samar da ƙarfin sanyaya daban a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban.

Don kwampresan maye gurbi na ɗakin sanyi, mai saya ya kamata ya gano ko an tsara tsarin ne don zafin matsakaici, ƙaramin zafi, ko wani nau’in aikace-aikace. Kada a yi amfani da kwampresan zafin matsakaici a aikace-aikacen firiza mai ƙaramin zafi sai dai idan iyakar yanayin aikinsa ta tabbatar da dacewa. Tsarukan ƙaramin zafi yawanci suna buƙatar kulawa ta musamman ga rabon matsewa, zafin fitarwa, dawowar mai, da sanyaya mota.

Lokacin neman dacewar samfur, a bayar da:

• Zafin ɗaki ko na samfurin da ake buƙata
• Nau’in refrigerant
• Kimanin zafin evaporation, idan an sani
• Kimanin zafin condensing ko yanayin muhalli
• Buƙatar ƙarfin sanyaya, idan akwai
• Nau’in aikace-aikace: chiller, ɗakin sanyi, ɗakin firiza, display cabinet, na’urar kankara, ko air conditioning

Idan babu cikakkun bayanan ƙarfin aiki, samfurin kwampresan na asali ya kasance mafi kyawun abin tunani. Duk da haka, ya kamata mai samarwa ya tabbatar da kewayon zafin aikace-aikacen da kuma dacewar refrigerant.

Dacewar refrigerant

Dole ne a daidaita refrigerant da kyau. Ana ƙera kuma ana amincewa da kwampresoshi don takamaiman refrigerants ko dangin refrigerant. Kwampresa da ya dace da wani refrigerant na iya rashin dacewa da wani saboda matakin matsa lamba, kwararar taro, zafin fitarwa, dacewar man shafawa, sanyaya mota, da rukunin aminci.

Ayyukan sauyawa na yau da kullum na iya haɗa da tsarin da ke amfani da HFC, haɗin HFO, HC, CO2, ammonia, ko tsoffin refrigerants, gwargwadon kasuwa da nau’in kayan aiki. Bai kamata masu saya su ɗauka cewa za a iya amfani da compressor da wani refrigerant kawai saboda displacement ko capacity na kama da juna ba. Koyaushe a tabbatar da amincewar refrigerant na compressor da refrigerant na yanzu a cikin tsarin.

Idan an taɓa canza tsarin zuwa wani refrigerant daban a baya, nameplate da ke kan asalin compressor na iya ƙin nuna ainihin yanayin da ake da shi a filin aiki. A wannan yanayin, kamfanin sabis ya kamata ya tabbatar da tambarin refrigerant, bayanan sabis, da ainihin refrigerant da ake amfani da shi kafin yin oda.

Voltage, phase, da frequency

Wutar lantarki na ɗaya daga cikin kurakuran sauyawa da aka fi samu a sayen kayan aiki na ƙasashen waje. Masu saya daga ƙasashen waje na iya aiki a kasuwannin 50 Hz ko 60 Hz, tare da ƙa’idodin voltage daban-daban da tsarin phase daban-daban. Compressor ɗin sauyawa dole ne ya dace da wutar lantarkin da ake da ita da ƙirar control panel.

Tabbatar da:

• Supply voltage
• Wutar single-phase ko three-phase
• Frequency: 50 Hz, 60 Hz, ko dual-rated inda ya dace
• Hanyar farawa da tsarin control
• Nau’in kariyar motor
• Dacewar contactor, overload, da breaker

Kada a girka compressor da aka ƙera don wani kewayon ƙarfin lantarki ɗaya a kan wata hanyar samar da wuta daban ba tare da amincewar da ta dace ba. Compressors masu matakai uku kuma suna buƙatar jerin phase daidai inda ƙirar compressor ke buƙatar hakan, musamman ga scroll compressors.

Nau'in mai da dacewar lubricant

Dacewar mai yana da muhimmanci ga tsawon rayuwar compressor da amincin tsarin. Haɗaɗɗun compressor da refrigerant daban-daban na iya buƙatar mineral oil, alkylbenzene oil, POE oil, PAG oil, ko wasu lubricants da aka amince da su. Mai mara dacewa na iya haifar da rashin lubrication mai kyau, samuwar wax, rashin dacewar sinadarai, matsalolin dawowar mai, ko lalacewar compressor.

Lokacin maye gurbin compressor, a bincika ko an kawo wanda zai maye gurbin tare da mai, da kuma ko nau'in man ya dace da refrigerant na tsarin da buƙatun masana'anta. Idan tsarin ya fuskanci burnout ko gurɓacewa, ana iya buƙatar ƙarin hanyoyin service kafin fara amfani da compressor ɗin da aka maye gurbin.

Kewayon zafin jiki na aikace-aikace

Dole ne compressor ya yi aiki a cikin approved envelope ɗinsa. Wannan ya haɗa da evaporating temperature, condensing temperature, return gas temperature, discharge temperature, da iyakokin motor load. Iyalan compressor da yawa suna da nau'uka daban-daban don aikace-aikacen high, medium, da low temperature.

Ga masu shigar da ɗakunan sanyi, wannan yana da muhimmanci musamman. Dole ne a zaɓi kwampresan maye gurbin ɗakin daskarewa don aikin ƙaramin zafin jiki, ba wai kawai saboda yana da girman jiki makamanci ba. Tsarin matsakaicin zafin jiki da na ƙaramin zafin jiki suna sanya buƙatun zafi da na inji daban-daban a kan kwampresa.

Girman ɗorawa da haɗin bututu

Kwampresan da ya dace ta fuskar fasaha har yanzu yana buƙatar ya dace da wurin. Kafin yin oda, tabbatar da bayanan shigarwa na zahiri:

• Tsarin ƙafafun ɗorawa da girman tushe
• Jimillar tsawo, faɗi, da tsayi
• Girman haɗin suction da discharge
• Nau’in haɗin brazed, rotalock, threaded, flange, ko service valve
• Matsayin akwatin terminal
• Bukatun oil sight glass, oil equalization, ko haɗin oil return
• Sarari don samun damar sabis da vibration absorbers

Ga kwampresocin semi-hermetic, kuma tabbatar da tsarin service valve da mounting rails. Ga kwampresocin scroll da hermetic, bincika girman shell, matsayin bracket, da alkiblar bututu. Ƙananan bambance-bambancen girma na iya haifar da gyare-gyaren wuri masu tsada.

Mataki na 4: Yi amfani da compressor cross reference cikin hankali

Compressor cross reference yana da amfani idan samfurin asali ba ya samuwa, an daina ƙera shi, ya yi tsada sosai, ko kuma yana da dogon lokacin jira. Duk da haka, ya kamata a ɗauki cross reference a matsayin daidaitawar fasaha, ba kawai maye gurbin samfur ba.

Maye gurbin alama ba koyaushe yake ɗaya-da-ɗaya ba

Masu saye sukan nemi kalmomi kamar Copeland compressor replacement, Bitzer compressor replacement, ko Danfoss compressor replacement lokacin da suke buƙatar na’ura mai kama da ita. A lokuta da yawa, ana iya gano madadin, amma zaɓin ƙarshe ya kamata ya tabbatar da capacity, refrigerant, voltage, oil, application range, protection, da dimensions.

Masana’antu daban-daban na iya ƙiyasta compressors a ƙarƙashin yanayin ma’auni daban-daban. Model da ya yi kama da wanda yake da kusanci a nominal capacity na iya kasa yin aiki iri ɗaya a ainihin evaporating da condensing conditions. Wannan shi ya sa application data ya fi horsepower kaɗai zama abin dogaro.

Abin da masu saye ya kamata su aika don samun quotation cikin sauri

Ga distributors da repair companies, cikakken inquiry yana rage yawan tuntuɓar juna akai-akai kuma yana inganta daidaiton quotation. Inquiry mai amfani ya kamata ya haɗa da:

• Asalin brand ɗin compressor da cikakken model number
• Hoton nameplate mai kyau
• Refrigerant
• Voltage, phase, da frequency
• Application: medium-temperature, low-temperature, air-conditioning, chiller, ko freezer
• Capacity da ake buƙata ko original equipment model
• Hotunan compressor, connections, da mounting
• Quantity da ake buƙata
• Ƙasar destination da lokacin delivery da aka fi so
• Duk wani zaɓi na original brand ko acceptable alternative brands

Don ayyukan gyara na gaggawa, haɗa ko ana buƙatar compressor ɗin a matsayin maye gurbi kai tsaye, ko kuma ko ana yarda da wasu gyare-gyare ga bututu da wurin ɗaurewa.

Mataki na 5: Shirya shigarwa da commissioning don kare sabon compressor

Yin oda daidai wani ɓangare ne kawai na aikin maye gurbi. Gazawar maye gurbi da yawa tana faruwa ne saboda ba a shirya tsarin yadda ya kamata ba kafin farawa.

Binciken wuri kafin shigar da sabon compressor

Kafin shigarwa, ƙungiyar sabis ya kamata ta duba tsarin don gano dalilin gazawar farko. Muhimman abubuwan dubawa sun haɗa da yanayin condenser, kwararar iska ta evaporator, aikin expansion valve, tarihin cikar refrigerant, dawowar mai, abubuwan lantarki, na’urorin sarrafa matsa lamba, na’urorin sarrafa defrost, da tsaftar tsarin.

Idan tsohon compressor ya gaza ta fuskar lantarki, tsarin na iya ƙunsar acid da tarkace. Idan ya gaza ta fuskar inji, za a iya samun gurɓacewar mai ko ƙwayoyin ƙarfe. Hanyar tsaftacewa da ta dace ta dogara da ƙirar tsarin da tsananin gazawar.

Binciken commissioning bayan maye gurbi

Bayan girkawa, ya kamata mai fasaha ya cire iska daga tsarin yadda ya dace, ya cika shi da refrigerant da aka amince da shi, sannan ya tabbatar da aiki a ƙarƙashin nauyi mai daidaito. Ya kamata bayanan fara aiki su haɗa da matsin tsotsa, matsin fitarwa, superheat, subcooling, current na compressor, voltage, zafin fitarwa, matakin mai inda ya dace, da saitunan control cut-in/cut-out.

Ga masu saye daga ƙasashen waje, waɗannan bayanai ma suna da amfani ga tallafin garanti. Suna nuna ko an girka compressor cikin yanayin aiki na yau da kullum, kuma suna iya taimakawa gano duk wata matsala daga baya.

Jerin dubawa na saye mai amfani don maye gurbin compressor

Kafin tabbatar da oda, duba wannan jerin:

• An tabbatar da lalacewar compressor, ba wai an ɗauka kawai ba?
• An duba ainihin dalilin matsalar don guje wa maimaita lalacewa?
• Ana da cikakken lambar model ta asali?
• Shin wanda za a maye gurbinsa ya dace da amincewar refrigerant?
• Shin ya dace da voltage, phase, da frequency?
• Shin ƙarfin ya dace da ainihin yanayin evaporating da condensing?
• Shin an amince da compressor ɗin don zangon zafin aikace-aikacen?
• Shin an samar ko an ƙayyade nau’in mai da ya dace?
• Shin girman mounting da haɗin bututu sun dace da wurin?
• An yi la’akari da accessories, protection devices, da service valves?
• An tsara hanyoyin girkawa da fara aiki?

Sauya kwampresan sanyaya mai aminci na nufin daidaiton fasaha tsakanin tsohon na’ura, aikin tsarin, da yanayin wurin. Ga masu rarrabawa, kamfanonin gyara, da ’yan kwangilar ɗakunan sanyi, sakamako mafi kyau yana zuwa ne daga tattara cikakken bayani kafin yin oda da kuma tabbatar da dacewa kafin jigilar kaya. Wannan hanya tana rage lokacin tsayawa, tana kauce wa abubuwan mamaki yayin shigarwa, kuma tana taimakawa tabbatar da cewa kwampresan da aka sauya yana aiki kamar yadda ake tsammani a wurin aiki.